5 15 244 https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/c4f172eee06b1c36c1ddb00c28c861b4.tif 64af489142f94a6927bced88815206a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucius Manlius Torquatus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 113 - 112 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; [to left, ROMA]; under chin, star; torque as border. Reverse: Warrior galloping left, with helmet, spear and shield; above, Q; below, [L] TORQVA. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic This coin comemorates the achievements of the ancestor of Lucius Manlius Torquatus, T. Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus. He received the surname Torquatus when he defeated a Gaul (described as a "giant" in surviving accounts) in single combat and captured his gold torque or collar in 361 BCE. The torque is shown on the obverse. The same ancestor served as dictator in 353 and 349 as well as consul in 344 and 330. The Q on the reverse could indicate that Lucius Manlius Torquatus minted this coin while serving as a quaestor. It was not uncommon for quaestors to dictate to triumviri monetales the types for coins. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Manlia, 2; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 270, no. 518; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 71, no. 545; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 308, no. 295/1; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 38, no. 111. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Lucius Manlius Torquatus, silver denarius, 3.87 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/be4605a35fe0a759828461136ecf40e2.tif 566198e7f0fbede743868c317684e374 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucius Marcius Philippus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 113 - 112 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Head of Philip V of Macedon, right, wearing helmet with goat's horns and diadem; to left, AA; under chin, Φ. Border of dots. Reverse: Statue of horseman with laurel branch over shoulder, right; beneath, prancing horse, a flower; on statue base, L PHILLIPPVS; below, star. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic This coin commemorates the success of the ancestor of Lucius Marcius Philippus, L. Marcius Q. f. Philippus, who had been engaged in a diplomatic mission to Philip V of Macedon, from which he returned with a treaty of friendship. The portrait of Philip V on the obverse bears no resemblance to any portraits of Philip on Greek coins. The reverse of the coin further commemorates the gens Marcia by showing a triumphant figure on horseback. The laurel branch designates the rider as a triumphator. The flower beneath the horse alludes to the conception of Mars, the Roman god of war, whose mother Hera was impregnated while disguised as a flower. The symbol on the obverse designates that the coin was minted in Rome. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Marcia, 12; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 277, no. 532; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 445; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 73, no. 551; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 307, no. 293/1; R.A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 38, no. 112. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C017 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Lucius Marcius Philippus, silver denarius, 3.86 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/7020386248e38a38961185ee3dbd6d2f.tif 90625ea77141ff209c7729e8031ee439 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Publius Licinius Nerva Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 113 - 112 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted bust of Roma left, holding spear in right hand over right shoulder and with shield ornamented with galloping horseman; to left, star; to right, ROMA. Border of dots. Reverse: Voting scene in interior of comitium. In foreground on pons, one figure on left receives tabella from rogator and second drops tabella into box; above, three parallel lines; above, scabellum [with tabella inscribed P (provoco)]; in field, P NERVA. Style/Period: Roman Republic Publius Licinius Nerva was praetor of Sicily in 104 BCE. On this coin, he depicts a typical arrangement for a voting session in the comitium. The rogator is the polling-clerk who hands out tabellae to the voters. The votes, usually one or two words indicating a postive or negative vote (see coin C038), are placed into urns or boxes (see coin C041). The three parallel lines above the figures represent a division between the saepta or enclosures allotted to the different tribes which were voting. On the chair (unfortunately not legible on this coin) is a tabella with a positive vote (provoco) inscribed onto it. The use of this coin type by Publius Licinius Nerva could be similar to that of coins C038 and C041. In 137 BCE, the Lex Cassia tabellaria was passed, allowing citizens in the comitium to vote with a ballot. This coin type may commemorate that decision. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Licinia, 7; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 274, no. 526; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 581; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 72, no. 548; L. R. Taylor, Roman Voting Assemblies from the Hannibalic War to the Dictatorship of Caesar (Jerome Lectures, 8, Ann Arbor 1966) 39; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 306-307, no. 292/1; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 37, no. 110; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 3, no. 3. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C016 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Publius Licinius Nerva, silver denarius, 3.93 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/9755f5e323da28ad3d4d113d9b1d4dbe.tif 4c07a1974935fb30bb6c99b689ff7f52 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Manius Aemilius Lepidus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 114 - 113 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Laureate and draped bust of Roma right; to left, star; to right, R[O]MA. Border of dots. Reverse: Military equestrian statue on three-arched pedestal; horseman wearing cuirass and wreath and holding spear in right hand; around, MN AEMILIO; between arches, LEP. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Manius Aemilius Lepidus used this coin to commemorate the construction of an aqueduct in 179 BCE by his ancestor Marcus Aemilius Lepidus. The inscription of his name between the arches on the reverse is in the dative, implying that the aqueduct was dedicated to his ancestor Aemilius. The inscription around the coin probably only refers to the minting magistrate. The bust on the obverse is probably Roma. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Aemilia, 7; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 291-292, no. 590; M. Stuart, "The Denarius of M. Aemilius Lepidus and the Aqua Marcia," American Journal of Archaeology 49 (1945) 226-251; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 431; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 74, no. 554; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 305-306, no. 291/1; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 36, no. 106. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C015 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Manius Aemilius Lepidus, silver denarius, 3.77 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/860b5651adfc415476469f6d830d1561.tif d3797fc80e3288683e2d37f482f42019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caius Fonteius Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 114 - 113 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Laureate, Janiform head of Dioscuri; on left and right, star; below, control mark, ···. Border of dots. Reverse: Galley with pilot and three rowers, left; above, C FONT; below, ROMA. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic The family of Caius Fonteius was from Tusculum, a small town south of Rome popular for its villas and opportunities for otium. According to tradition, Tusculum was founded by Telegonus, who sailed across the ocean to incorporate the town. Tusculum was also the center of the worship of the Dioscuri (see coin C003). To honor his hometown, Caius Fonteius has depicted the Dioscuri on the obverse, as well as a galley on the reverse to commemorate the journey of Telegonus. The janiform head on the obverse has also been interpreted as Fos or Fontus, the son of Janus from whom the Fonteius family derived its name. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886), Fonteia, 1; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 292-293, no. 602; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 440; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 74, no. 555; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 304, no. 290/1. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C014 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Caius Fonteius, silver denarius, 3.88 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/b3bf5465713fa9df9a295c4743be892b.tif 1a53b1dbec79eded7055b430bd000a5e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marcus Aurelius Scaurus; Licnius Crassus; Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 118 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Head of Roma facing right, with winged Phrygian helmet ornamented with griffin's head; to left, ROMA downwards and star; to right, M AVRELI upwards. Border of dots. Reverse: Nude Gallic warrior in biga right, hurling spear in right hand, with Gallic shield, carnyx and reins in left hand; below, SCAVRI; in exergue, L LIC CN [DOM]. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Marcus Aurelius Scaurus was one of five minting magistrates chosen during 118 BCE. This coin commemorates the foundation of the colony of Narbo Martius in Gaul in 118. L. Licinius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus were elected as the colony's duoviri or founding commissioners. Mattingly believes that all three men were questori urbani rather than triumviri monetales. The reverse of the coin commemorates the victory of Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus that allowed the colony to be formed. The warrior in the biga is most likely King Bituitus of Averni who was captured in 121 by C. Fabius Maximus. In the resulting triumph, Bituitus stood in a silver chariot. This coin is one of the first known examples of a serrated coin. Serrated coins were made by creating notches in the edge of the coin at irregular angles before the coin was struck. Serrations were often believed to be used to prove that a coin was of pure metal and not plated; however, some plated coins were also serrated. Since serrated coins were principally meant for circulation outside Italy, the serrated edge probably provided the native populations a means of easily identifying a coin as legal tender. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Aurelia, 20; J. de Witte, "L'Arc triomphe d'Orange," Revue Archélogique 10/2 (1887) 134-136; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 184-185, no. 1185; H. Mattingly, "Some Historical Coins of the Late Republic," Journal of Roman Studies (1922) 230-239; H. Mattingly, "The Roman 'Serrati'," Numismatic Chronicle 4 (1924) 31-52; E. A. Sydenham and L. A. Lawrence, "The Origin of the Roman Serrati," Numismatic Chronicle 15 (1935) 209-231; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 432, 560, 579; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 65, no. 523; E. Badian, Studies in Greek and Roman History (Oxford 1964) 101, n. 98; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 62, nos. 85-86; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 298-299, no. 282/1; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 36, no. 104; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 2, no. 2a. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C013 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Marcus Aurelius Scaurus with L. Licnius Crassus and Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus, silver denarius serratus, 3.82 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/86e385e903ee0c77277aa1f0da11d70b.tif 6e5851c926504b7c6e161215baea25ce Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Numerius Fabius Pictor Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 126 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma facing right; to left, star. Border of dots. Reverse: Q. Fabius Pictor, seated left, helmeted, cuirassed, and holding apex in right hand and spear in left hand; beside him, shield inscribed QVI/ RIN; to left [P]ICTOR; to right, N FABI; ROMA in exergue. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic Numerius Fabius Pictor served as a triumvir. Here he honors his ancestor Q. Fabius Pictor, who was both praetor of Sardinia and flamen Quirinalis, or priest of the god Quirinus. He is depicted on the reverse cuirassed and with the weapons of a praetor, his shield inscribed Quirin, and holding the apex or cap of a flamen. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Fabia, 11; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 181, no. 1172; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 439; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 64, no. 517; M. H. Crawford, "N. Fabi Pictor," Numismatic Chronicle 5 (1965) 149; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 291-292, no. 268/1a; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 35, no. 101; Livy, xxxvii.50.8; 51.1-6; Cicero, De Divin. i.21.43. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C012 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Numerius Fabius Pictor, silver denarius, 3.84 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/03049be4d42c10cd6c7e470c6bade915.tif 080dc2042a05f4d6d2b201aa204e67da Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Quintus Fabius Maximus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 127 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma facing right, with star on flap; behind, ROMA; before, star and [Q] MAX. Border of dots. Reverse: Cornucopia superimposed on thunderbolt; border of a wreath composed of ears of wheat and barley and assorted fruits. Style/Period: Roman Republic Quintus Fabius Maximus was praetor in 118 BCE and consul in 116 BCE. The coin probably refers to the victories of his ancestor Q. Fabius Maximus Aemilianus in 144 BCE or Q. Fabius Maximus Servilianus in 142 BCE near Valentia. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Fabia, 5; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 178, no. 1157; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 439; A. E. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 57, no. 478; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 289, no. 265/1. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C011 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Quintus Fabius Maximus, silver denarius (Type I), 3.88 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/4774b25160f1d9d55c2798c9fea1d4d8.tif 5e93be7622b34786a27a1454784432d9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marcus Marcius Manii Filius Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 134 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma facing right; behind, modius; below chin, star. Border of dots. Reverse: Victory in biga to right, holding reins in left hand and whip in right hand; below, M MRC C ROMA, divided by two corn-ears. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic When the mint magistrates, the triumviri monetales, chose the images for their coins, they were very aware that the images would reflect upon themselves and their families, and they often exploited the opportunity to advance themselves. In the late second century BCE, magistrates began to display images or portraits on their coins that would associate themselves and their ancestors with great figures from Roman history (see coin C008). The magistrate here is referring to his ancestor Mn. Marcius, who was the first to distribute corn to the people at the value of one modius (a measure of grain) per as (Pliny, Natural History xviii.3.15: "aedilis plebis primum frumentum populo in modios assibus datavit). The coin has the usual images for the denarius, Roma on the obverse and Victory on the reverse, but the magistrate has also placed a modius on the obverse to refer to the important reform of his ancestor. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Marcia, 8; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 149, no. 1008; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 445; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 61, no. 500; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 277, no. 245/1. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C009 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Title A name given to the resource Marcus Marcius Manii Filius, silver denarius, 4.01 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/680f5078023782c9fd6dbaec674ecf7f.tif f716de5d203a66cdbdfb235a5c7b662f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sextus Pompeius Fostlus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 137 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma facing right; below chin, mark of value, X; behind, capis. Reverse: She-wolf standing facing right, head turned back, suckling the twins Romulus and Remus; behind, fig-tree with three birds; to left, the shepherd Faustulus, leaning on a staff in left hand, raising right hand; around, [SE]X PO FOSTLVS; [ROMA] in exergue. Style/Period: Roman Republic In order to advance the prestige and nobility of his family, this Pompeius claims descent from Faustulus, the shepherd who according to tradition took in and raised the orphaned twins Romulus and Remus. Here Pompeius has depicted Faustulus discovering the she-wolf suckling the twins. The inscription may refer either to the original Faustulus or the minting magistrate himself. In the fig tree, the ficus Ruminalis, a woodpecker, a common symbol for this special fig tree, is perched on the trunk. The other two birds on the upper branches are merely decorative. The tree and the birds, as well as the capis on the obverse, allude to the cult of Rumina, an obscure goddess who had a shrine and a similar fig tree near the Lupercal. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Pompeia, 1; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 131-132, no. 927; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 449; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 54, no. 461a; F. W. Walbank, "Political Morality and the Friends of Scipio," Journal of Roman Studies 55 (1965) 1-16; M. H. Crawford, "Foedus and Sponsio," Papers of the British School at Rome 41 (1973) 1-7; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 53, nos. 68-69; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 267-268, no. 235/1c; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978), 31, no. 83. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C008 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Title A name given to the resource Sextus Pompeius Fostlus, silver denarius, 3.85 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/d4b3481aff0f20408806a00c6e27d2ff.tif 73d17011230f139ea629212632f89d21 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caius Curiatius Trigeminus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 142 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Head of Roma with winged helmet right; behind, TRIGE upwards; [before, mark of value, X]. Border of dots. Reverse: Juno in quadriga right, wearing diadem and crowned by Victory from behind, holding scepter in left hand and reins in right hand; below, C CVR; ROMA in exergue. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic Very little is known about this minting magistrate. The image of the woman on the reverse may be Juno. If so, she could be either Juno Cur(r)itis or Quiritis, usually depicted holding a sword and shield rather than a scepter. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Curiata, 1; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 122, no. 891; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 438; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 51, no. 436; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 260, no. 223/1; Livy, 1.24.1. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C007 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Title A name given to the resource Caius Curiatius Trigeminus, silver denarius, 3.95 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/a2dcb1b5004b89dde6cc1381f5d536c6.tif 1c6ca49d797f48d473c53d79ac18a907 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caius Terentius Lucanus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 147 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, Victory with wreath and mark of value, X. Border of dots. Reverse: Dioscuri on horseback, charging right; below, C TERLVC; ROMA in exergue. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic The types on this coin are very similar to those on coin C003. The minting magistrate has included an abbreviation of his name on the reverse and added an image of Victory to the obverse. The Victory might represent a past or recent victory. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Terentia, 10; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 103, no. 775; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 453; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 49, no. 425; T. P. Wiseman, "Some Republican Senators and Their Tribes," The Classical Quarterly 14 (1964) 122-133; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 256-257, no. 217/1. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C006 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Title A name given to the resource Caius Terentius Lucanus, silver denarius, 3.68 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/624176a0797b7dca834e33f102e7558e.tif 6428681c3efa80747d4883d30bbd94f3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Publius Cornelius Sulla Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 151 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; behind, mark of value, X. Border of dots. Reverse: Victory in biga right, holding whip in right hand and reins in left hand; below P SVLA; ROMA in exergue. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic The minting magistrate of this coin is the same Cornelius who minted coin C004. This coin resembles a quadrigatus from the mid-third century BCE. In the mid-second century, the quadriga on these coins was variously driven by Victory, Venus, Juno, and Jupiter (see coins C007, C009, C010, C013, C019, C023, C024, C036. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Cornelia, 1; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 110, no. 828; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 437; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 44, no. 386; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 249-250, no. 205/1; F. Münzer, Pauly-Wissowa Real-Encyclopädie, iv, 1513-1515, s.v. Cornelius Sulla (376ff.); Velleius, ii.17.a; Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C005 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Publius Cornelius Sulla, silver denarius, 3.68 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/0a3d0dc71ece0d7fdfd7e9831c0da0bd.tif e0b25ed64efdff3675acb62b60e9637f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Publius Cornelius Sulla Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 151 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Laureate head of Janus; above, mark of value, I. Reverse: Prow heading right, with female head decorating acroterium; [before, mark of value, I]; above, [P S]VL[A]; below, ROMA. Style/Period: Roman Republic The as, a coin in the denarius system, is a smaller-scale version of the aes grave, a large, circular bronze coin used in the middle of the third century BCE. The head of Janus, a popular Roman god of beginnings, and the prow on the reverse were the standard images for the Roman as. The mark I denotes it value as one as. Cornelius followed a tradition begun c. 150 BCE in which minting magistrates would include abbreviations of their names on their coins in order to give fame and prestige to the family name. This Cornelius is thought to have been the uncle of the dictator Sulla. The female head on the reverse could be an image of Venus, a traditional deity of the family of Sulla, to whom the coin is dedicated (see coin C005). -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Cornelia, 2; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 42, no. 347; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 15, no. 145; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 156, no. 50/3. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C004 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection. Said to have been found on the Esquiline Hill in 1905 Title A name given to the resource Publius Cornelius Sulla, bronze as, 23.01 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/cd2bfada59533fc5971b242bc7627a90.tif 8cf131ab746b448dc3f4872e660bac31 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 209 - 208 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma facing right; behind, mark of value, X. Border of dots. Reverse: Dioscuri charging on horseback facing right; below, anchor; on tablet, ROMA. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic With the devaluation of silver coinage c. 220 BCE and the financial demands of the Second Punic War, the Senate and the triumviri monetales instituted a substantial change in the Roman monetary system. The system of silver and bronze coins would be minted with a set value and weight for each coin. The silver coin was named the denarius with a set value of 10 bronze asses. This is denoted by the mark of value X. The image of Roma on the obverse is an image of the personification of the city of Rome. Some early scholars believed it to be an image of Bellona, a Roman war goddess who was perhaps an offshoot of Mars. The Dioscuri on the reverse were the legendary penates or protectors of the city. They were believed to have assisted the Roman armies to victory several times in Roman history, most notably at the battle of Lake Regillus in the fourth century BCE. The images of Roma and the Dioscuri served to renew confidence in the strength and vigor of Rome in the troubled times of the Second Punic War. The anchor on the reverse was used as a privy mark by minting magistrates to denote the location of its mint in southern Italy. The denarius would remain the standard Roman silver coin until the monetary reforms of Augustus. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 155, no. 21; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 15, no. 144; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974), 156, no. 50/2. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C003 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection. Title A name given to the resource Anchor, silver denarius, 3.80 g.