14 15 244 https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/ec469e40ddeed9bf2f1cb884a8530ff7.tif b56144545059be8e1fafdc9ea6d9f13f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucius Cornelius Sulla Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 84 - 83 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Diademed bust of Venus right; on right, Cupid, standing, holding palm branch; below, L SVL[LA]. Border of dots. Reverse: Capis and lituus between two trophies; above, IMPER; below, ITERV[/M]. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic This coin struck by the dictator Sulla commemorates his victories between 86 and 82 BCE, when he was twice proclaimed imperator. The coin was struck after his successful campaigns against Mithradates VI of Pontus in Greece and Asia Minor from 87 to 84 BCE. The trophies depicted on the reverse were erected after the battles of Chaeronea in 86 and Orchomenos in 85. The augural images on the reverse imply that Sulla was elected to the college of augurs at some point in his career. The image of Venus on the obverse continues her veneration by Sulla's family (see coins C04 and C05). -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Cornelia, 28; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 459-460, no. 3; J. P. V. D. Balsdon, "Sulla Felix," Journal of Roman Studies 41 (1951) 7-9; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 124, no. 761; B. Frier, "Sulla's Priesthood," Arethusa (1969) 187-188; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 373-374, no. 359/2; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 44, no. 142; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 5, no. 16. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C030 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Lucius Cornelius Sulla, silver denarius (Type III), 3.60 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/1d4598e0747ebe433927e702877ee111.tif d8f445a730ed4ce02d0e3812f9793f93 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caius Mamilius Limetanus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 82 - 81 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Draped bust of Mercury right, with winged petasus, chlamys and caduceus over left shoulder; to left, control mark, S. Line border. Reverse: Ulysses standing right, wearing pileus and holding staff in left hand and extending right hand to Argus; to left, [C] MAMI[L] downwards; to right, LIMETAN upwards. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic Caius Mamilius Limetanus appears to have claimed descent from both Mercury and Ulysses by depicting both of them on this coin. On the obverse is a bust of Mercury, father of Ulysses and god of travelers and merchants. He is wearing the petasus, a broad-brimmed felt hat, and chlamys, a large wool cloak, of a traveler. The caduceus or herald's staff was a common attribute of Mercury. On the reverse is Ulysses himself, shown as he returned to Ithaca from the Trojan War disguised in traveler's dress. Ulysses' dog Argus, the only one to recognize Ulysses through his disguise, was so overjoyed by the return of his master that he died. The serrated edge of this coin signifies that it was a special issue for use in the northern provinces (see coin C013). This is the only serrated coin issued in this year. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Mamilia, 6; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 343-344, no. 2728; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 444; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 119, no. 741; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 375, 377, no. 362/1; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 80, nos. 123-124; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978). pl. 15, no. 49; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 45, no. 145. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C031 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Caius Mamilius Limetanus, silver denarius serratus, 3.56 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/bb0002ae4e38cffb6390ab8ae49cc649.tif 9c324e60700f47ea51fcac43caa7020d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marcus Volteius Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 78 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Laureate head of Jupiter right; to right, control mark, crescent. Border of dots. Reverse: Tetrastyle Doric temple of Jupiter Capitolinus with closed doors, surmounted by ornamental crockets, acroteria at the lower angles and apex; in pediment, thunderbolt; in exergue, [M VOL]TEI M [F]. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Mommsen determined that Marcus Volteius issued coins to commemorate games held during the year of his service as magistrate (see also coin C034). This coin commemorates the ludi Romani which were held in January and conveyed the promise of largitiones or bounty in the future. The reverse commemorates the beginning of the reconstruction of the Capitoline temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus in that year. The reconstruction was completed in 69 BCE. Since nothing of the temple is preserved, coins are the most valuable resources for the architecture of one of the most important temples in Rome. The use of a symbol as a control mark on the obverse continues the tradition of control marks by expanding from simple letters to more elaborate symbols. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: T. Mommsen, Histoire de la monnaie romaine (Paris 1865-1875), II, 467-470, no. 257a; E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Volteia, 1; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 388, no. 3154; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 455; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 127, no. 774; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 399-402, no. 385/1; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 47, no. 152; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 6, no. 21. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C033 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Marcus Volteius, silver denarius (Type I), 3.77 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/e65e47314dea583f85ea4243c46b81cc.tif c5084eb28b64a98f0e3c690f78eb326a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caius Policius Quinti Filius Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 80 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Draped bust of Roma facing right, wearing Phrygian helmet with griffin's head and feather at each side; to left, ROMA downwards; above, control mark, E. Reverse: Hercules standing facing left, strangling Nemean lion; at feet, club; to left, bow and quiver of arrows; on right, C POBLICI Q F; above, control mark, E. Style/Period: Roman Republic Nothing is known about Caius Poblicius Quinti Filius. The depiction of Roma with a Phrygian helmet is a common type of the period. He also continues to use control marks. On the reverse he depicted Hercules in his struggle with the Nemean lion, the first of his famous labors. Hercules was supposed to obtain the lion skin for Eurystheus, but it became an attribute worn by Hercules (see coins C028 and C034). According to some accounts, the lion was invincible and Hercules was forced to strangle and skin it with his own hands. The bow and arrow at this feet are unusual additions since there is no surviving account of Hecules using them to defeat the lion. The minting magistrate's use of Hercules on this coin may refer to the recent victory of Sulla over the party of Marius, but if so, it would be a rare example of a reference to a significant current event this early in the first century BCE. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Poblicia, 9; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 365, no. 2900; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 125, no. 768; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 396, no. 380; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 47, no. 150. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C032 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Caius Poblicius Quinti Filius, silver denarius serratus, 3.87 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/e109e8d5b8f6da5c3e31474409bfef67.tif 164f71558bdd784ef6b154438d6d909b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marcus Volteius Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 78 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Head of Hercules wearing lionskin right. Border of dots. Reverse: Erymanthian boar right; in exergue, [M] VOLTEI [M F]. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Mommsen determined that with this coin, as with coin C033, Marcus Volteius commemorated public games held during his magistracy, in this case the ludi Plebi. These were games held in November with contests including the palaestra as well as musical contests. The obverse depicts Hercules with his lion skin cap (see coin C028). The Erymanthian boar was the fourth labor of Hercules. The boar was ravaging the lands around Mount Erymanthus. Hercules was told to bring him back alive. He chased the animal from its hiding place into some deep snow and then trapped it with nets. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: T. Mommsen, Histoire de la monnaie romaine (Paris 1865-1875), II, 467-470, no. 257b; E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Volteia, 2; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 389, no. 3158; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 455; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 127, no. 775; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 399-402, no. 385/2; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 48, no. 153. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C034 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Marcus Volteius, silver denarius (Type II), 3.76 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/e9c162c80d98484eee449b82c4008ac2.tif 62f0b3e4179611777d40111926ea811a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Paullus Aemilius Lepidus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 62 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Diademed and veiled head of Concordia right; to left, PAVLLVS LEPIDVS upwards; to right, CONCORDIA downwards. Border of dots. Reverse: Trophy; to right, Lucius Aemilius Paullus, togate, standing left; to left, King Perseus with long beard and bound hands, accompanied by his two sons, all wearing Greek dress, standing left; above, TER; in exergue, PAVLLV[S]. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Paullus Aemilius Lepidus would become consul in 50 BCE. With this coin he commemorates his ancestor L. Aemilius Paullus Macedonius who captured the Macedonian king Perseus and his sons at the battle of Pydna in 168. The scene on the reverse depicts his ancestor in a triumphant stance with his prisoners. The standing trophy is a common image of victory demonstrating how the Romans would stand the armor of the vanquished on tall poles (see coin C045). The inscription TER (tertius) commemorates the three times his ancestor was hailed as imperator: the first in 190 with the defeat of Spain, the second in 181 with the defeat of Liguria, and the third in 168 with the defeat of Macedon. The image of Concordia on the obverse may refer to the concordia ordinum sponsored by Cicero and supported by Aemilius. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Aemilia, 10; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 418, no. 3373; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 431; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 154, no. 926; M. G. Morgan, "Villa Publica and Magna Mater," Klio (1973) 228-229; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 441, no. 415/1; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 56, no. 196. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C035 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Paullus Aemilius Lepidus, silver denarius, 3.93 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/2d46481b465141a9151cb963bbc36114.tif ca8f0a60accd0659288f5983ceab404e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marcus Aemilus Scaurus; Publius Plautius Hypsaeus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 58 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: King Aretus kneeling right, holding olive branch bound with fillet in right hand and bridle of saddled camel in left hand; above, [M] SCAVR AED CVR; to left and right, [E]X S C; in exergue, [REX ARE]TAS. Line border. Reverse: Jupiter in galloping quadriga left, hurling thunderbolt with right hand and holding reins in left hand; scorpion below horses; above, [P HYPSAEVS] AED CVR; below, C HVPSAE COS PREIVER; to right, [C]APTV upwards. Line border. Style/Period: Roman Republic Often in the Roman Republic, senators, victorious generals and other high-ranking officials were given senatorial approval to issue special coins to commemorate their recent successes. These coins were designated EX SC (ex senatus consulto). This special issue commemorates the successes of the magistrates and their ancestors on the same coin. Marcus Aemilius Scaurus and Publius Plautius Hypsaeus were the aediles curules, officials in charge of public works and games, for 58 BCE. These coins were issued to pay for the public games they sponsored. Scaurus had been governor of Syria in 64, and on the obverse he celebrates his capture of the Arabian king Aretus. Hypsaeus's ancestor C. Hypsaeus was responsible for the capture of Privernum in 329 BCE and is honored on the reverse. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Aemilia, 8; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 483-484, no. 3878; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 528; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 152, no. 913; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 446-447, no. 422/1b; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 85, nos. 131-132; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978), pl. 17, no. 60; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 55, no. 195; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 10, no. 36. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C036 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Marcus Aemilus Scaurus and Publius Plautius Hypsaeus, silver denarius (Series II). 3.93 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/ece5f9deda84e1b4eba47799c855ef4e.tif c08ed49a857781e7d55caa7128a8ddb2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Faustus Cornelius Sulla Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 57 - 56 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Draped and diademed bust of Diana right; to left, lituus; to right, FAVSTVS downwards. Border of dots. Reverse: Sulla seated left; before him, Bocchus kneeling right and offering olive branch in right hand; behind, Jugurtha, kneeling left, with hands bound behind him; to right, FELIX downwards. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Faustus Cornelius Sulla (89-46 BCE) was the son of the dictator Sulla. With this coin he commemorates the achievements of his father. The obverse depicts Diana, the deity the dictator personally venerated. The lituus, the augur's curved staff, may refer to his service as an augur. The reverse depicts a famous scene of Sulla's victory which was displayed on a tablet on the Capitoline Hill as well as on Sulla's signet ring. It shows Sulla, seated above, accepting the surrender of Jugurtha, the king of Numidia, from Bocchus, king of Mauretanis, his brother and betrayer. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Cornelia, 59; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 471-472, no. 3824; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 437; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 145, no. 879; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 449-450, no. 426/1; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 85, no. 133; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978) pl. 18, no. 69; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 54, no. 186; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 10, no. 37; Plutarch, Marius, 10.32; Sulla, 3.6; Pliny, Natural History, xxxvii.8. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C037 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Faustus Cornelius Sulla, silver denarius (Type I), 3.98 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/7be5dbffff4c17fb8d282037dd683b19.tif b22f6b344d2b0ca207f410c6f27d536b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Quintus Cassius Longinus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 57 - 55 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Veiled and diademed head of Vesta facing right; to left, Q CASSIVS downwards; to right, VEST upwards. Border of dots. Reverse: Temple of Vesta, surmounted by figure holding scepter and patera and flanked by antefixes; within, curule chair; to left, voting urn; to right, tablet inscribed A.C. (absolvo:condemno). Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Quintus Cassius Longinus was quaestor in 54 BCE under Pompey and then tribune to the plebeians in 49 with Marcus Antonius. With this coin he commemorates the successful prosecution of three Vestal Virgins accused of incest by his ancestor L. Cassius Longinus Ravilla. His ancestor condemned two of them, Licinia and Marcia. The reverse scene combines the imagery of the Vestals with the decisive power of the vote. Cassius depicts the Temple of Vesta next to a voting station similar to that used in the trial that either absolved or condemned the accused (see coin C041). -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Cassia, 9; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 481-482, no. 3871; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 435; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 152, no. 917; E. Nash, Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome (Rome 1961-1962), II, 505-510, s.v. Vesta, Aedes; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 452, no. 428/1; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978) pl. 18, no. 68; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 54-55, no. 190. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C038 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Quintus Cassius Longinus, silver denarius (Type II), 3.74 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/f59c14ed25b8bc8f359bb1e542da1b2e.tif 3c58127d823008a0cd4ec11b26e06a5b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucius Scribonius Libo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 55 - 54 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Diademed head of Bonus Eventus right; behind, LIBO downwards; before, BON EVENT downwards. Border of dots. Reverse: Puteal Scribonianum, decorated with garland and two lyres; at base, hammer; above, PVTEAL; below, SCRIBON. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Lucius Scribonius Eventus was consul in 34 BCE and father-in-law to Sextus Pompey. He defected from the army of Sextus Pompey to join Octavian. The depiction of Bonus Eventus on the obverse has several possible meanings. Bonus Eventu was the god of good fortune who favored agriculture and was invoked before a major journey or undertaking or to provide for a bountiful harvest. He had a temple in the Campus Martius and was very popular. His depiction could represent the successful prosecution of Catiline by Cicero. It could also allude to Beneventum, the home town of the Scribonius family. The reverse depicts the Puteal Scribonianum, a stone enclosure placed at the mouth of a well in the Forum Romanum. It was struck by lightning and repaired and rededicated by Scribonius Libo. The symbols on the reverse are those of Vulcan. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Scribonia, 8; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 419, no. 3377; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 451; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 155, no. 928; E. Nash, Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome (Rome 1961-1962), II, 259-261, s.v. Puteal Libonis; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 441-442, no. 416/1a; George C. Brauer, Jr., "The Genius figure on Roman Coins," SAN Journal of the Society of Ancient Numismatics 13 (1982) 24-26. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C039 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Lucius Scribonius Libo, silver denarius, 3.96 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/3cf96675a128708ee43e86ed6f2a3ac7.tif 80ef0b29d6321f20d4263cb952ed9a01 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Quintus Caepio Brutus (Marcus Junius Brutus) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 54 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Head of Libertas facing right; behind, LIBERTAS downwards. Border of dots. Reverse: The consul Lucius Junius Brutus walking left between two lictors carrying fasces and preceded by an accensus; in exergue, BRVTVS. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Quintus Caepio Brutus (Marcus Junius Brutus) was one of the assassins of Julius Caesar in 44 BCE. With this coin he commemorates the success of his ancestor Lucius Junius Brutus, who was responsible for the expulsion of the Etruscan kings from Rome, helping to found the Roman Republic, and who served as one of the first consuls in 509 BCE. The obverse depicts Libertas, the personification of Liberty, who granted liberty to the Romans after the expulsion of the kings. The reverse depicts a procession of Junius as consul. According to Greuber, the coin also played an important propagandistic role by demonstrating Brutus' consistent opposition to Pompey's intentions of seeking to become the sole ruler at the time. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Junia, 31; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 479-480, no. 3861; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 150, no. 906; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 455-456, no. 433/1; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 85, no. 134; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978) pl. 18, no. 67; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 55, no. 192; C. Foss, Roman Historical Coins (London 1990) 11, no. 42. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C040 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Quintus Caepio Brutus (Marcus Junius Brutus), silver denarius (Type I), 3.83 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/b2617fc06a9f4a0fde213a99e80a6915.tif 9f4026d32b2dd643c7e61e6ab917e026 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucius Cassius Longinus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 52 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Veiled and diademed head of Vesta facing left; on right kylix. Border of dots. Reverse: Togate man facing left, dropping tablet marked V into cista; on right, LONGIN III V downwards. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic Lucius Cassius Longinus was proconsul in 48 BCE and tribune to the plebeians in 44. He was the younger brother of Cassius, one of the assassins of Julius Caesar. The scene on the reverse depicts a single unidentified man voting. The scene commemorates the passing of the Lex Cassia tabellaria proposed in 137 BCE, which allowed the comitium to vote by using the ballot (see coins C016 and C038). The image of Vesta on the obverse also connects the coin type to the events of 113 BCE, when L. Cassius Longinus Ravilla presided over the trial of three Vestal Virgins (see coin C038). The "V" on the tabella means "VTI ROGAS" or a favorable vote for the legislation. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Cassia, 10; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 494, no. 3931; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 435; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 156, no. 935; L. R. Taylor, Roman Voting Assemblies from the Hannibalic War to the Dictatorship of Caesar (Jerome Lectures, 8, Ann Arbor 1966) 126 n. 11; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 440, no. 413/1. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C041 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Lucius Cassius Longinus, silver denarius, 3.94 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/1ba2ca5ce0119559577a07794b0d355b.tif 86a946153ea21b1b3173eca50af8bcfe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Caius Julius Caesar Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 49-48 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Elephant facing right, trampling on dragon; in exergue, CAESAR. Border of dots. Reverse: Pontifical instruments, culullus, aspergillum, securis, and apex. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic This coin of Julius Caesar was issued after his victories over Ariovistus and the Germans. It is an example of the revival of minting military coins outside of Italy to pay for campaigns and soldiers. The elephant on the obverse is a reference to Caesar's name. In the language of the Mauri, his name is the same as the word for elephant. The dragon trampled by the elephant could also be the carnyx or Gallic war-trumpet. The augural symbols on the reverse allude to the office of pontifex manximus held by Julius Caesar from 63 BCE: the culullus was a drinking vessel; the aspergillum was a vessel for sprinkling water; the apex was the cap worn by the Roman flamen or priest; and the securis was the ax used in sacrifices. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Julia, 9; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 390-391, no. 27; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 167, no. 1006; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 461, no. 443/1, 735; C. H. V. Sutherland, Roman Coins (New York 1974) 96, nos. 141-142; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978) pl. 23, no. 86; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 58, no. 207. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C042 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Caius Julius Caesar, silver denarius, 3.71 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/42f837d4fe17e5365a1d75a55b517934.tif 734bf5bdd9dfd27ff3831ad24d6bf843 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lucius Plautius Plancus Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 47 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Head of Medusa facing; [below, L PLAVTIVS]. Border of dots. Reverse: Aurora, winged, holding palm branch with wreath and leading the four horses of the sun; below, PLANCVS. Style/Period: Roman Republic Lucius Plautius Plancus was praetor in 43 BCE. The image of Medusa on the obverse is similar to the masks used by people in Ovid's Fasti (vi.651f.). The reverse is a very common motif used on gems of the late Republic. It was perhaps borrowed from a picture by Nicomachus kept on the Capitoline Hill. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 Bibliography: E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Plautia, 15; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), I, 516-517, no. 4009; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 448; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 160, no. 959b; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 468, no. 453/1c; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 60, no. 217; G. Walser, "Die Victoria des L. Munatius Plancus," in F. Eckstein (ed.), Θεωρια. Festschrift für W. H. Schuchhardt (Deutsche Beiträge zur Altertumwissenschaft, Doppelband 12/13, Baden-Baden 1960) 217-223. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C043 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Lucius Plautius Plancus, silver denarius, 3.59 g. https://thor.lawrence.edu/omeka/buerger/files/original/af4a54a2e5f259ba73d73c665281efaf.tif e7168f069eb8273943026a61986a5498 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lawrence University Classics Department Coin Collection Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Marcus Portius Cato Uticensis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource c. 47 - 46 BCE Description An account of the resource Obverse: Draped and diademed female bust facing right, hair tied with band; to left, [RO]MA; below to right, [M CATO] PRO PR. Border of dots. Reverse: Victory seated facing right, holding patera in extended right hand and [palm branch in left hand]; in exergue, VICTRIX. Border of dots. Style/Period: Roman Republic This coin of Cato the Younder was minted in Africa during his attempt to reunite with the forces of Pompey in Utica. He issued the coins to pay the troops stationed with him in Utica, to prepare his army for the upcoming battle, and to pay for provisions for the city itself. Cato is copying coin types used c. 90 BCE by his ancestor Marcus Porcius Cato (see coin C026). The female bust on the obverse could be Libertas. -- Bradford W. Wendel, LU '96 E. Babelon, Description historique et chronologique des monnaies de la republique romaine (Paris and London 1885-1886) Porcia, 10; H. A. Grueber, Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum (London 1910), II, 574-575, no. 17; T. R. S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Roman Republic, II (New York 1952) 606; E. A. Sydenham, The Coinage of the Roman Republic (London 1952) 176, no. 1053; M. H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (London 1974) 473, no. 462/1a, 737; J. P. C. Kent, Roman Coins (New York 1978) pl. 22, no. 83; R. A. G. Carson, Principal Coins of the Romans, I (London 1978) 62, no. 227. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context C044 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Wriston Art Center Galleries, Lawrence University, Appleton, WI,wriston-gallery@lawrence.edu,920-832-6890 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Classics Department Collection Title A name given to the resource Marcus Portius Cato Uticensi, silver denarius, 3.31 g.